Four Families
In one of the more intriguing sociological studies of late, the Institute for Advanced Studies in Culture at the University of Virginia has determined after a three-year study that families fall into four distinct groups.
According to Carl Desportes bowman, Director of Survey Research for the Institute, these family types “speak different languages, they have different sets of beliefs and suspicions.”
This explains why there are so many different parenting styles. Simply put, “we are all looking out through different windows, and therefore looking onto entirely different worlds.”
So what are these family types?
1. The Faithful (20%)
The “Faithful” are parents who put religion at the center of their world. The most important value they hold is morality, helping their children differentiate between right and wrong – a differentiation is based on God or Scripture. They believe the rest of the world doesn’t have a moral compass, and they want to make sure their children do. The Faithful perceive a “strong decline since their own childhoods” in “American moral and ethical standards,” the “quality of TV, movies, and entertainment,” and “the dating and sexual practices of teenagers.” They pray as a family, believe in spanking and regular chores, turn to pastors and church for parental guidance, and feel secure in their control over their children. 88% are married, 74% in their first marriage.
2. The Engaged Progressives (21%)
The “Engaged Progressives” see “tolerance” as the key to their moral code. The most important value they hold is personal freedom – theirs and everyone else’s. They believe their role as parents is to “prepare children to be responsible choosers, weighing alternatives, thinking carefully through courses of action in advance.” When faced with moral ambiguity, they look less to God or Scripture and more to “What would be best for everyone involved.” These families have more exposure to pop culture and technology. Advice is gained less from pastors or church, and more from therapists or psychologists. They are hesitant to use discipline of any kind (not even grounding).
3. The Detached (19%)
The “Detached” feel marginalized and unsure of themselves and their place in society; they are “a group adrift.” When asked what they want for their children, only one-third consider honesty to be essential. They value “practical skills over book learning.” They are the least likely to believe they have the power to control their children’s technology or the right to know their children’s friends. “Their parenting strategy is to let kids be kids and let the cards fall where they may.”
4. American Dreamers (27%)
The “American Dreamers” share the low economic and educational levels of “The Detached,” but have higher aspirations for their children. “They hope for much and invest even more,” the report says, “pouring themselves fully into their families’ futures.” Fewer than two-thirds of the parents are currently married, many have never married, and they are more likely than any other group to be women. They are optimistic that their children will be better off than they were, and will do anything to make that happen. They “are as quick to spank or scold as they are to praise or reward good behavior.”
The report’s authors offer two rather blunt assessments from their report:
First, these four types of family cultures are molding the next generation of Americans. We can talk about schools and governments, pop culture and technology, but nothing is as formative as the family and its culture.
Second, that although ”the media, the activists, and the politicians have focused their attention on the culture being fought between the Faithful and the Engaged Progressives, the deteriorating economic, civic, and familial fortunes of the Detached and the Dreamer families should be garnering even more of our country’s attention.”
If culture is defined as the world in which we live, and the world which lives in us, this study is a good reminder that the heart of that world is, indeed, the family.
James Emery White
Sources
“The Culture of American Families”, Institute for Advanced Studies in Culture, read online.
“Culture of American Families Project,” Institute for Advanced Studies in Culture, read online.
“Culture of American Families Executive Report,” Institute for Advanced Studies in Culture, read online.
“UVA sociology professor: Parenting in red, blue and purple America,” The Washington Post, November 19, 2012.
Lisa Belkin, “Parenting Styles Defined In New Report On 'Family Culture',” The Huffington Post, November 15, 2012, read online.